The reaction :
`RX + 2Na + RX overset("Dry ether")to R-R + 2NaX` is called :

Options

A. Sandmeyer's reaction
B. Fittig reaction
C. Wurtz reaction
D. Williamson's synthesis.

Answer

The reaction given in the question is:

\[ \text{RX} + 2\text{Na} \overset{\text{Dry ether}}{\rightarrow} \text{R-R} + 2\text{NaX} \]

This reaction involves the coupling of two alkyl halides (RX) in the presence of sodium (Na) and a dry ether solvent, resulting in the formation of a hydrocarbon (R-R) and sodium halide (NaX).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The reactants in the reaction are alkyl halides (RX) and sodium (Na).
- The alkyl halide (RX) contains a carbon chain (R) bonded to a halogen (X).

**Hint**: Look for the components involved in the reaction, which are alkyl halides and sodium.

2. **Understand the Role of Dry Ether**:
- Dry ether acts as a solvent in this reaction. It is important because it helps in dissolving the reactants and facilitates the reaction between sodium and the alkyl halides.

**Hint**: Consider the importance of the solvent in facilitating the reaction.

3. **Reaction Mechanism**:
- Sodium donates electrons to the alkyl halide, leading to the formation of a radical or anions.
- This results in the coupling of two alkyl groups (R) to form a new hydrocarbon (R-R).

**Hint**: Think about how sodium interacts with the alkyl halide to form radicals or anions.

4. **Product Formation**:
- The products of the reaction are a new alkane (R-R) and sodium halide (NaX).
- The formation of R-R indicates that two alkyl groups have combined.

**Hint**: Identify the products formed from the reactants and how they relate to the original compounds.

5. **Naming the Reaction**:
- This reaction is known as the **Wurtz Reaction** (often misspelled as "Wood Reaction").
- It is specifically used for the coupling of alkyl halides to form higher alkanes.

**Hint**: Recall the specific name associated with the reaction involving the coupling of alkyl halides.

### Final Answer:
The reaction is called the **Wurtz Reaction**.