The reaction of toluene with `Cl_(2)` in the presence of `FeCl_(3)` gives X and the reaction in the presence of light gives Y. Thus, X and Y are :

Options

A. X = benzyl chloride, Y = m-chlorotoluene
B. X = benzal chloride, Y = o-chlorotoluene
C. X = m-chlorotoluene, Y = p-chlorotoluene
D. X = o- and p-chlorotoluene, Y = trichloromethyl benzene

Explanation

To solve the problem, we need to analyze the reactions of toluene with chlorine (Cl₂) under two different conditions: in the presence of iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) and in the presence of light.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify Toluene Structure**:
- Toluene is a benzene ring (C₆H₆) with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to it. Its chemical formula is C₇H₈.

2. **Reaction with Cl₂ in the Presence of FeCl₃**:
- When toluene reacts with Cl₂ in the presence of FeCl₃, it undergoes an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
- FeCl₃ acts as a Lewis acid, which increases the electrophilicity of Cl₂, making it more reactive towards the aromatic ring.
- The methyl group (CH₃) is an electron-donating group, which directs the incoming electrophile (Cl) to the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring.
- Therefore, the products formed (X) will be ortho-chlorotoluene and para-chlorotoluene.

3. **Reaction with Cl₂ in the Presence of Light**:
- When toluene reacts with Cl₂ in the presence of light, it undergoes a free radical substitution reaction.
- In this reaction, the chlorine atoms can replace hydrogen atoms in the methyl group (CH₃) of toluene.
- This leads to the formation of trichloromethylbenzene (C₆H₃Cl₃), where three hydrogen atoms from the methyl group are replaced by chlorine atoms.
- Thus, the product formed (Y) is trichloromethylbenzene.

### Final Answer:
- **X**: Ortho-chlorotoluene and Para-chlorotoluene (mixed product)
- **Y**: Trichloromethylbenzene