Aniline reacts with `NaNO_(2)` and HCl at room temperature to give

Options

A. nitroaniline
B. phenol
C. diazonium chloride
D. chloroaniline.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of aniline with sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) at room temperature, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) is the primary reactant.
- Sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) are the other reactants.

2. **Understand the Reaction Conditions**:
- The reaction occurs at room temperature, which is crucial for the formation of the diazonium salt.

3. **Formation of Nitrous Acid**:
- When NaNO₂ is dissolved in HCl, it generates nitrous acid (HNO₂):
\[ NaNO₂ + HCl \rightarrow HNO₂ + NaCl \]

4. **Reaction of Aniline with Nitrous Acid**:
- Aniline reacts with nitrous acid to form a diazonium salt. The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ C₆H₅NH₂ + HNO₂ \rightarrow C₆H₅N₂^+Cl^- + 2H₂O \]
- Here, the amino group (-NH₂) of aniline is converted into a diazonium group (-N₂⁺).

5. **Formation of Benzene Diazonium Chloride**:
- The product formed is benzene diazonium chloride (C₆H₅N₂Cl), which is a stable compound at low temperatures.

### Final Product:
The final product of the reaction between aniline, sodium nitrite, and hydrochloric acid at room temperature is **benzene diazonium chloride (C₆H₅N₂Cl)**.

---