What is homologous chromosome?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Homologous Chromosomes**: Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same size, shape, and structure. They carry genes for the same traits but may have different alleles.

2. **Characteristics**:
- **Size**: Homologous chromosomes are of equal length.
- **Shape**: They have the same shape, which includes the position of the centromere.
- **Structure**: The overall structure of the chromosomes is similar, including the banding pattern when stained.
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