The gene which controls many characters is called:

Options

A. Condominant gene
B. Polygene
C. Pleiotropic gene
D. Multiple gene

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the term that describes a gene responsible for controlling multiple traits or characters.

2. **Identifying the Concept**: The concept that fits this description is known as "pleiotropy." Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits.

3. **Examples of Pleiotropy**: To illustrate pleiotropy, consider a gene that affects both the size of a starch grain and the shape of a seed. These two traits are unrelated, yet they are both influenced by the same gene.

4. **Mechanism of Pleiotropy**: In the case of pleiotropy, the gene may affect the synthesis of starch, leading to variations in grain size and seed shape. For instance:
- If starch synthesis is efficient, the grain size will be large, and the seed shape will be round.
- If starch synthesis is inefficient, the grain size may be small, and the seed shape may become wrinkled.
- In cases of incomplete dominance, the traits may show intermediate characteristics.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the gene that controls many characters is referred to as "pleiotropic."

**Final Answer**: The gene which controls many characters is called **pleiotropy**.

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