Briefly explain IVF and ET, What are the conditions in which these methods are advised?

Explanation

(i) IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) involves fusion of sperm and ovum in a culture medium outside the female genital tract. It should be performed under following conditions:
(a) Removal of unfertilized ovum from ovary of female or female reproduction tract with a laparoscope. (b) Ovum is kept in culture medium in an aseptic condition. (c) Collection of semen of male in hygienic manner. (d) Gametes are induced to fuse under simulated conditions to form zygote.
(ii) ET (Embryo Transfer) involves transfer of developing embryo from culture medium into female reproductive tract. It occurs in the presence of following conditions:
(a) Zygote is induced to develop in culture medium. (b) Endometrium is stimulated to proliferate for implantation (c) Embryo is either transferred to the fallopian tube when it is at 8-celled stage or transferred to the uterus when it is at 16 or 32-celled stage.