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Impact Parameter

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Impact parameter of a charged particle is the perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of the particle from the centre of the nucleus, when it is far away from the atom.
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A dparticle of mas m moving with speed u collides elastically with a sphere of radius R and same mass at rest, at an impact parameter d. Find (a) Angle between their final velocities and (b) Magpitude of their final velocities.

A proton of mass m moving with a speed v_(0) apporoches a stationary proton that is free to move. Assuming impact parameter to be zero., i.e., head-on collision. How close will be incident proton go to other proton ?

A disk A of radious r moving on perfectly smooth surface at a speed v undergoes an elastic collision with an identical stationary disk B. Find the velocity of the disk B after collision if the impact parameter is r//2 as shown in the figure :-

Figure shows a charge +Q clamped at a point in free space. From a large distance another charge particle of charge -q an.d mass m is thrown toward +Q with an impact parameter d as shown with speed v. Find the distance of closest approach of the two particles.

A projectile of mass m, charge Z', initial speed v and impact parameter b is scattered by a heavy nucleus of charge Z. Use angular momentum and energy conservation to obtain a formula connecting the minimum distance (s) of the projectile form the nucleus to these parameters .show that for b=0, s reduces to the closest distance of approach r_0 .

There is a fixed sphere of radius R having positive charge Q uniformly spread in its volume. A small particle having mass m and negative charge (– q) moves with speed V when it is far away from the sphere. The impact parameter (i.e., distance between the centre of the sphere and line of initial velocity of the particle) is b. As the particle passes by the sphere, its path gets deflected due to electrostatics interaction with the sphere. (a) Assuming that the charge on the particle does not cause any effect on distribution of charge on the sphere, calculate the minimum impact parameter b0 that allows the particle to miss the sphere. Write the value of b_(0) in term of R for the case 1/2mV^(2)=100.((kQq)/(R)) (b) Now assume that the positively charged sphere moves with speed V through a space which is filled with small particles of mass m and charge – q. The small particles are at rest and their number density is n [i.e., number of particles per unit volume of space is n]. The particles hit the sphere and stick to it. Calculate the rate at which the sphere starts losing its positive charge (dQ)/(dt). Express your answer in terms of b_(0)

The following text gives a qualitative idea about Rutherford's alpha- particle scattering experiment. Applying some trigonometry and calculus, Rutherford got the following equation: cot ((0)/(2)) = (Kxx(KE))/(Ze^(2))xxb "where", K= "constant" =((1)/(9xx10))(c^(2))/(N-m^(2)) KE = initial kinetic energy of alpha- particle, e=1.6xx10^(-19)C In an experment with gold nucleus (assume Z=80) with impact parameter equal to 10^(-4)m the scattering angle was found to be 90^(@), What should be the initial KE of alpha- particle?

MBD -HARYANA BOARD-ATOMS AND NUCLEI-OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
  1. Impact Parameter

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  2. If 13.6 eV energy is required to ionise the hydrogen atom, then energy...

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  3. If an electron jumps from 1st orbital to 3rd orbital, than it will.

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  4. ""(92)U^(238) rarr ""(90)Th^(234) + ""(2)X^(4), what is X ?

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  5. A radioactive element has half-life period 800 yr. After 6400 yr, what...

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  6. In Rutherford scattering experiment, what will b ethe correct angle fo...

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  7. .1 H^1 + .1H^1 + .1H^2 rarr X + .(+1)e^0 + energy. The emitted particl...

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  8. Which of the following isotopes is used for treatment of cancer ?

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  9. If half life of radioactive atom is 2.3 days, then its decay constant ...

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  10. A radioactive element .90 X^238 decay into .83 Y^222. The number of be...

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  11. The ionization of H-atom is :

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  12. The volume occupied by an atom is greater than the volume of the nucle...

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  13. What percentage (approximate) of original radioactive substance left a...

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  14. Which of the following particles has similar mass of electron ?

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  15. If half life period of radium is 1600 years, its average life period w...

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  16. The energy equivalent of one atomic mass unit is

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  17. Hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of

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  18. Energy generation in starts is mainly due to

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  19. Who discovered the nucleus ?

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  20. In nuclear reaction .(4)Be^(9)+.(2)He^(4)rarr.(6)C^(12)+X,X will be

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  21. What does X stand for in the given reaction ? ""(20)Ca^(41) rarr ""(...

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