Write various events occurring during the process of photosynthesis.

Explanation

Photosynthesis occurs in two main steps. 1. The first step is dependent upon light and the second step is not dependent upon light. Hence, the former is called light reaction or photochemical phase while the latter, the dark reaction or biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis.
2. Water is split up during photosynthesis by the process called photolysis. It provides reductant for carbon dioxide. Oxygen is liberated. All the liberated oxygen, therefore, comes from water.
3. The photolysis of water in photosynthesis was discovered by Hill and hence it is also known as Hill reaction.
4. The light reaction of photosynthesis is followed by the dark reaction. In this, `CO_(2)` , is first fixed by ribulose diphosphate and from this fixed `CO_(2)` , phosphoglyceric acid is formed. The phosphoglyceric acid thus formed ultimately forms carbohydrates.
5. Energy of sunlight is harvested by pigments called photosynthetic pigments - chlorophylls and carotenoids. They are located in the membranes of chloroplast thylakoids.