Which method out of the following renders the seed coat permeable to water so that embryo expansion is not physically retarded :

Options

A. Stratification
B. Denudation
C. Vernalization
D. Scarification

Answer

To solve the question about which method renders the seed coat permeable to water, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks which method makes the seed coat permeable to water, allowing the embryo to expand without physical hindrance.

2. **Analyze the Options**:
- **Option 1: Stratification** - This method involves the process of treating seeds to simulate natural conditions that seeds require to germinate. It does not specifically make the seed coat permeable to water.
- **Option 2: Denudation** - This refers to the wearing away of the landmass and is not related to seed germination or permeability of the seed coat.
- **Option 3: Vanillization** - This process is related to the induction of flowering in plants under low temperatures and does not affect the permeability of seed coats.
- **Option 4: Scarification** - This is the process of mechanically or chemically breaking down the seed coat to allow water to penetrate, facilitating germination.

3. **Identify the Correct Method**: After analyzing all options, it is clear that **scarification** is the method that renders the seed coat permeable to water, thus allowing the embryo to expand.

4. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **Option 4: Scarification**.