Starting from sodium chloride, how will you proceed to prepare (i) sodium metal (ii) sodium hydrxide (iii) sodium peroxide (iv) sodium carbonate.

Explanation

(i): `NaCl overset("Electrolysis")to Na^(+) + Cl^(-)`
Molten
At cathode : `Na^(+) + e^(-) to Na(s)`
At anode : `2Cl^(-) - 2e^(-) to Cl_2`
(ii) : `NaCl (aq) overset("Electrolysis")to Na^(+)(aq)+Cl^(-)(aq)`
`H_2O to H^(+) + OH^(-)`
`Na^(+) + e^(-) to Na `
`Na + Hg to Na//Hg `
`2Na//Hg + 2H_2O to 2NaOH + H_2 + Hg`
(iii) `NaCl to Na^(+) + Cl^(-)`
At cathode: `Na^(+)+e^(-) to Na(s)`
`2Na + O_2 to Na_2O_2`
(iv) : `NH_3 + H_2O + CO_2 to (NH_4)HCO_3`
`NaCl + NH_4CO_3 to NaHCO_3 + NH_4Cl `
`2NaHCO_3 overset("Heat") to Na_2CO_3 + CO_2 + H_2O`