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Explain the following: (a) KO2 is par...

Explain the following:
(a) `KO_2` is paramagnetic.
(b) Lithium forms oxide, sodium forms peroxide while potassium and rubidium form superoxides.
(c) BaO is soluble but `BaSO_4` is insoluble in water.

Text Solution

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(b) Lithium ion is very small ion and therefore, it has strong positive field around it. Therefore, it can stabilize only a small anion `O^(2-)`. Sodium is large and it can stabilize large anion `O_2^(2-)` whereas potassium and rubidium being very large in size can easily stabilize larger superoxide `O_2^(-)` ion.
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