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Why Sm^(2+), Eu^(2+) and Yb^(2+) ions in...

Why `Sm^(2+), Eu^(2+)` and `Yb^(2+)` ions in solutions are good reducing agents but an aqueous solution of `Ce^(4+)`is a good oxidizing agent

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The most stable oxidation state of lanthanides is +3, hence ions in +2 state tend to change to +3 state by loss of electron and those in +4 state tend to change to +3 state by gain of electron
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