How will you convert benzene into aniline?

Explanation

To convert benzene into aniline, we will follow a two-step process: nitration followed by reduction. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

### Step 1: Nitration of Benzene
1. **React Benzene with a Nitrating Mixture**:
- We will start with benzene (C6H6) and react it with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
- The sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst and helps generate the nitronium ion (NO2+), which is the active electrophile in this reaction.

2. **Formation of the Electrophile**:
...