A: Reaction of carboxylic acid with hydrazoic acid in the presence of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` to form primary amine is called Schmidt reaction.
R: In this reaction isocyanate intermediate is formed.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the Schmidt reaction, we will break down the process step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Schmidt Reaction
The Schmidt reaction involves the reaction of a carboxylic acid with hydrazoic acid (N3H) in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce a primary amine.

**Hint:** Remember that the Schmidt reaction specifically converts carboxylic acids to primary amines.

### Step 2: Formation of the Cation
When a carboxylic acid (like benzoic acid) is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, it loses a water molecule to form a cation. This cation is a protonated form of the carboxylic acid.

**Hint:** The loss of water is a key step in forming the reactive cation.

### Step 3: Reaction with Hydrazoic Acid
The cation then reacts with hydrazoic acid (N3H). This reaction leads to the formation of a compound where the hydrazoic acid is associated with the cation.

**Hint:** Look for how the hydrazoic acid contributes to the formation of the intermediate.

### Step 4: Formation of Isocyanate Intermediate
During the reaction, nitrogen gas (N2) is released, and the product forms an isocyanate (R-N=C=O) as an intermediate. This is a crucial step in the Schmidt reaction.

**Hint:** The formation of isocyanate is a defining feature of the Schmidt reaction.

### Step 5: Hydrolysis of Isocyanate
The isocyanate intermediate undergoes hydrolysis, which involves the addition of water. This step converts the isocyanate into a primary amine (aniline).

**Hint:** Hydrolysis is essential for converting the intermediate into the final product.

### Step 6: Conclusion
The final product of the Schmidt reaction is a primary amine, confirming that both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) in the question are correct. However, the reason does not provide a correct explanation for the assertion, as it incorrectly states that isocyanate is formed instead of isocyanide.

**Hint:** Distinguish between the terms isocyanate and isocyanide to clarify the explanation.

### Final Answer
Both the assertion and reason are correct, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion. Thus, option 2 is correct.