A: Nitrobenzene on reduction with `Zn//NaOH//Delta` gives hydrazobenzene.
R: Nitrobenzene on reduction with Sn/HCI gives aniline.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To analyze the statements given in the question regarding the reduction of nitrobenzene, we will break down the processes involved in both reactions step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion (A)
**Assertion (A):** Nitrobenzene on reduction with `Zn//NaOH//Delta` gives hydrazobenzene.

1. **Starting Material:** Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) is the compound we are starting with.
2. **Reduction Process:** When nitrobenzene is treated with zinc (Zn) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) under heat (Δ), a reduction reaction occurs.
3. **Product Formation:** The nitro group (-NO2) in nitrobenzene is reduced to form hydrazobenzene (C6H4(N2H2)), which contains a hydrazine (-N2H4) group.

### Step 2: Understanding the Reason (R)
**Reason (R):** Nitrobenzene on reduction with Sn/HCl gives aniline.

1. **Starting Material:** Again, we start with nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2).
2. **Reduction Process:** In this case, nitrobenzene is treated with tin (Sn) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
3. **Product Formation:** The nitro group (-NO2) is reduced to an amino group (-NH2), resulting in the formation of aniline (C6H5NH2).

### Step 3: Evaluating the Statements
- Both the assertion and reason statements are correct based on the reactions described.
- However, the reason provided does not explain why the assertion is true. The reduction processes are different and lead to different products.

### Conclusion
- **Assertion (A)** is correct: Nitrobenzene reduces to hydrazobenzene with Zn/NaOH.
- **Reason (R)** is correct: Nitrobenzene reduces to aniline with Sn/HCl.
- Since the reason does not explain the assertion, the correct answer is that both statements are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion.

### Final Answer
Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation for A.

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