30 litre of ammonia gas at `30^@C` and 40 atm pressure is allowed to expand in a space of 40 litre capacity and pressure becomes 20 atm. Calculate the drop in temperature.

Explanation

To solve the problem of calculating the drop in temperature when ammonia gas expands, we can use the ideal gas law, which states that for a fixed amount of gas, the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) can be expressed as:

\[ PV = nRT \]

Since the number of moles (n) and the gas constant (R) remain constant, we can set up the equation for two different states of the gas:

\[ \frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2} \]

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