An example of electrophile is

Options

A. `NO_(2)^-`
B. `NH_(3)`
C. `AlCl_(3)`
D. `H_(2)O`

Answer

To identify an example of an electrophile, we need to understand what an electrophile is. An electrophile is defined as an electron-deficient species that can accept electrons. This can occur in two scenarios: either the species has a positive charge or it is neutral but has an incomplete octet of electrons.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Define Electrophile**:
- An electrophile is an electron-deficient species that seeks to gain electrons. It can be positively charged or neutral with an incomplete octet.

2. **Analyze Given Molecules**:
- We will analyze the structures of the molecules provided to determine if they are electrophiles.

3. **Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)**:
- Nitrogen (N) has a valency of 5 and forms bonds with oxygen. In the Lewis structure of NO2, nitrogen shares electrons with oxygen but has an incomplete octet. However, NO2 is not typically classified as an electrophile.

4. **Ammonia (NH3)**:
- In ammonia, nitrogen has formed three bonds with hydrogen and has one lone pair of electrons. Its octet is complete, so it is not an electrophile.

5. **Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3)**:
- Aluminum (Al) is a group 13 element with a valency of 3. In AlCl3, aluminum forms three bonds with chlorine atoms, but it has only 6 electrons around it, making its octet incomplete. This electron deficiency means that AlCl3 is an electrophile.

6. **Water (H2O)**:
- In water, oxygen has formed two bonds with hydrogen and has two lone pairs of electrons. Its octet is complete, so it is not an electrophile.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Among the analyzed molecules, AlCl3 is the only one that is an electrophile due to its electron deficiency.

### Final Answer:
An example of an electrophile is **AlCl3 (Aluminum Chloride)**.