Which oxyacid of chlorine shows oxidation state of +5?

Options

A. Hypochlorous acid
B. Chlorice acid
C. Chlorous acid
D. Perchloric acid

Explanation

To determine which oxyacid of chlorine shows an oxidation state of +5, we will analyze the oxidation states of chlorine in the four common oxyacids of chlorine: hypochlorous acid (HClO), chlorous acid (HClO₂), chloric acid (HClO₃), and perchloric acid (HClO₄).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Oxyacids of Chlorine:**
- The four oxyacids are:
- Hypochlorous acid: HClO
- Chlorous acid: HClO₂
- Chloric acid: HClO₃
- Perchloric acid: HClO₄

2. **Determine the Oxidation State of Chlorine in Each Acid:**
- The general formula to find the oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) in each oxyacid is:
\[ \text{Oxidation state of Cl} (x) + \text{Oxidation state of H} + \text{Oxidation state of O} = \text{Overall charge} \]
- Hydrogen (H) has an oxidation state of +1 and oxygen (O) typically has an oxidation state of -2.

3. **Calculate for Each Oxyacid:**
- **Hypochlorous acid (HClO):**
\[ +1 + x - 2 = 0 \implies x = +1 \]
- **Chlorous acid (HClO₂):**
\[ +1 + x - 4 = 0 \implies x = +3 \]
- **Chloric acid (HClO₃):**
\[ +1 + x - 6 = 0 \implies x = +5 \]
- **Perchloric acid (HClO₄):**
\[ +1 + x - 8 = 0 \implies x = +7 \]

4. **Identify the Oxyacid with +5 Oxidation State:**
- From the calculations:
- Hypochlorous acid: +1
- Chlorous acid: +3
- Chloric acid: +5
- Perchloric acid: +7
- The oxyacid that shows an oxidation state of +5 is **Chloric acid (HClO₃)**.

### Final Answer:
The oxyacid of chlorine that shows an oxidation state of +5 is **Chloric acid (HClO₃)**.