Dehydration of tertiary alcohols with Cu at 573 gives

Options

A. Aldehydes
B. Ketones
C. Alkenes
D. None of these

Answer

To solve the question regarding the dehydration of tertiary alcohols with copper at 573 K, let's break down the process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Dehydration**:
- Dehydration refers to the removal of a water molecule (H₂O) from a compound. In the case of alcohols, this involves the loss of a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a hydrogen atom (H) from adjacent carbon atoms.

2. **Identifying Tertiary Alcohol**:
- A tertiary alcohol has the structure R₃C-OH, where the carbon atom bearing the -OH group is attached to three other carbon atoms. For example, consider tert-butanol (C₄H₁₀O), which has the structure (CH₃)₃C-OH.

3. **Reaction Conditions**:
- The reaction is performed using copper (Cu) as a catalyst at a temperature of 573 K. This high temperature facilitates the dehydration process.

4. **Mechanism of Dehydration**:
- When the tertiary alcohol undergoes dehydration, the -OH group is protonated, making it a better leaving group. This leads to the formation of a carbocation.
- The carbocation formed is stabilized due to the presence of alkyl groups, which can donate electron density.

5. **Formation of Alkenes**:
- The carbocation can lose a proton (H⁺) from an adjacent carbon atom, resulting in the formation of a double bond (C=C). This process yields an alkene.
- For tert-butanol, the dehydration would yield isobutylene (2-methylpropene) as the product.

6. **Final Product**:
- Therefore, the dehydration of tertiary alcohols with copper at 573 K primarily produces alkenes.

### Conclusion:
The dehydration of tertiary alcohols with copper at 573 K gives alkenes.

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