How will you convert acetic acid to
(i) malonic acid (ii) tert-butyl -alcohol (iii ) glycine (iv) acetylene (v ) ethylamine

Explanation

To convert acetic acid (CH3COOH) to the various compounds listed, we can follow these step-by-step processes:

### (i) Conversion of Acetic Acid to Malonic Acid

1. **Halogenation (HVZ Reaction)**: Treat acetic acid with chlorine (Cl2) in the presence of red phosphorus (P). This will replace one hydrogen atom of the carboxylic acid group with a chlorine atom, yielding chloroacetic acid (CH2ClCOOH).

**Reaction**:
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