Modern methods of breeding animals and plants can alleviate the global food shortage '. Comment on the statement and give suitable examples.

Explanation

(A) Role of modern methods of breeding animals:
(i) By continued inbreeding, superior genes can be accumulated and less desirable genes can be eliminated by selection. It is also used to produce pure line.
(ii) By cross breeding, good characters of different breeds can be combined to produce high yielding hybrid animals e.g. Karan Swiss breed of cow is a cross breed of Brown Swiss breed of Switzerland and Sahiwal of India and gives about 3500 litres olf milk during its lactation period of 300 days.
High yielding layers of fowls e.e IBL-80, B-77 and HH-260 are also cross breeds out of which IBL-80 and B-77 breeds produce 200 eggs while HH-260 produces 260 eggs in a year.
Hissardale is a high wool and meat yieldingk cross breed of sheep, while mules are more sturdier and stronger interspecific hybrids produced by a cross between male donkey and female horse (mare).
(iii) Multiple Ovulation Embryo Trasfer (MOET):
(iv) Artificial.
Role of modern methods of plant breeding: