Name important defence mechanisms in plants against herbivory.

Explanation

• Many plants develop thick cuticle on their leaf surface.
• In some plants the leaves are modified into spines to protect themselves from browsing herbivores e.g., Leaf-spines in Opunita while Bougainvillea, and Duranta have stem throns, and Acacia has leaf-stipular spines.
• Many plants produce and store toxic chemicals which cause discomforts to the herbivores e.g. cardiac glycosides by Calotropis (Aak plant) , " nicotin by tobacco , etc.