(a) Write the products of the following reactions :
(i)
(ii) `2C_(6)H_(5)CHO+conc. NaOHto`
(ii) `CH_(3)COOH overset(C//_(2)//P)(to)`

Explanation

(a) (i)
(ii) `2C_(6)H_(5)CHO + conc. NaOH to C_(6)H_(5)CH_(2)OH+C_(6)H_(5)COONa`
(iii) `CH_(3)COOHoverset(C//_(2)//P)tounderset(Cl)underset(|)CH_(2)-COOH`
(b) (i) Benzaldhyde and Benzoic acid Test-1 Through sodium Bicarbonate Benzaldhyde does nt
react with sodium bicarbonate. However, benzoic acid will produce brisk effervescence
on reaction with sodium bicarbonate as shown in the given reaction :
`C_(6)H_(5)COOH+NaHCO_(3) to H_(2)O + CO_(2)`
Test-2 Through Tollen's reagent
Benzaldhyde reacts with ammoniacal solution of silver nitrate to form a silver mirror.
`C_(6)H_(5)CHO+2[Ag(NH_(3))_(2)]++3OHtoC_(6)H_(5)COO_(3) +2Ag +2 H_(2)O + 4NH_(3)`
However, no such reaction is given by benzoic acid .
(b) (ii) Distinction between Propenone and Propanal : Propanone `(CH_(3) COCH_(3))` and propanol
`(CH_(3)CH_(2) CH_(2)OH)` can be distinguish by iodoform test. Propanone when warmed with
sodium hypoindide (NaOl) i.e.,` I_(2)` in NaOH, it gives yellow ppt of idoform while propanone
does not respond to iodofrom test.
`CH_(3)underset("Propanone")(COCH_(3)+3NaOl) to CH_(3)I underset("Yellow ppt")(downarrow)+CH_(3)COONa+2NaOH`.