What is mode of operation of natural selection?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Definition of Natural Selection**: Natural selection is a biological process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more than those that are less adapted. This process leads to the evolution of species over time.

2. **Modes of Operation**: There are two primary modes of operation in natural selection:
- **Differential Reproduction**: This mode refers to the differences in the reproductive success of individuals within a population. Organisms that have advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce and pass those traits on to their offspring. This means that the rate of reproduction is higher in those organisms that are better adapted to their environment.
- **Encouraging Useful Genes**: This mode involves the genetic variations that occur within a population. If a genetic variation is beneficial (i.e., it enhances survival or reproductive success), it is more likely to be passed on to future generations. Conversely, harmful variations are less likely to be passed on and may be eliminated from the gene pool.

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