What are second generation vaccines?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Definition of Vaccines**: A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. It typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the pathogen, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins.

2. **First Generation Vaccines**: These are traditional vaccines created using conventional methods. They can be made by killing the pathogen (inactivated vaccines) or by attenuating (weakening) the pathogen (live attenuated vaccines). The purpose of these vaccines is to expose the immune system to the pathogen so that it can produce a memory response.

3. **Introduction to Second Generation Vaccines**: Second-generation vaccines represent an advancement in vaccine technology. They utilize modern techniques such as genetic engineering to create vaccines that can provide immunity without using live pathogens.

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