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a. What is impact parameter ? b. H...

a. What is impact parameter ?
b. How is it related to scattering angle ?

Text Solution

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a. Impact parameter (b) of an ` alpha ` - particle is the perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of the ` alpha ` - particle from the centre of the nucleus , when it is away from the nucleuus
b. Scattering angle `= theta ` ,impact parametere = b
`cot ((theta )/(2)) =((4 pi epsi_0 T )/(Ze^2))b`
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For scattering by an 'inverse square field' (such as that produced by a charged nucleus in Rutherford's model) the relation between impact parameter b and the scattering angle theta is given by b (Ze^2 cot (theta/2))/(4 pi epsi_0 ((mv^2)/(2))) a. What is the scattering angle for b =0? b. For a given impact parameter h, does the angle of deflection increase or decrease with increasing energy? c .What is the impact parameter at which the scattering angle is 90^@ for Z = 79 and initial energy of 10 MeV? d. Why is it that the mass of the nucleus does not enter the formula above but the charge does? e. For a given energy of the projectile, does the scattering angle increase or decrease with decrease in impact parameter?

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