Botanical description of Allium cepa :
1. Habit : Perennial herb with bulb .
2. Root : Fibrous adventitious root system.
3. Stem : Underground bulb
4. Leaf : A cluster of radical leaves emerges from the underground bulb, cylindrical and fleshy having sheaty leaf bases with parallel venation.
5. Inflorenscence : Scapigerous i.e., the inflorescence axis (peduncle) arising from the ground bearing a cluster of flower at its apex. Pedicels are of equal length, arising from the apex of the peduncle which brings all flowers at the same level.
6. Flower : Small, bracteate, ebrcteolate, pedicellate , complete , trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous, Flowers are protandrous.
7. Perianth : Tepals 6, white , arranged in two whorls of three each, syntepalous showing valvate aestivation.
8. Androecium : Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls of three each , epitepalous, apostamenous/free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse and dehiscing longitudinally.
9. Gynoecium : Tricarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with two ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.
10. Fruit : A loculicidal capsule.
12. Floral Formula :
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