Which socio-economic benefits are being experienced by implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project in Bharmaur?

Explanation

Two tehsils of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, namely Bharmaur and Holi were notified as a tribal area since 21 November, 1975. Bharmaur is inhabit-ed by .Gaddi., a tribal community who have maintained a distinct identity in the Himalayan region as they practise transhumance and conversed through Gaddiali dialect. It is one of the economically and socially backward areas of Himachal Pradesh. Due to implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP), there have been tremendous socio-economic benefits.
(i) Social Benefits:
(a) The most significant contribution of tribal subplan in Bharmaur region is the development of infrastructure in terms of schools, health care facilities, potable water, roads, communications and electricity.
(b) Tremendous increase in literacy rate (female literacy increase from 1. 9% to 65%)
(c) lmprovemerif in sex ratio.
(d) Decline in child marriage.
(e) Difference between males and females in literacy rate, i.e. gender inequality, has also declined.
(ii) Economic Benefits:
(a) The cultivation of pulses and other cash crops has increased in Bharmaur region.
(b) Now a few people practise transhumance because the importance of pastoralism is gradually declining. (About 1/10 household practises pastoralism).