Explain the achievements of the Harappan people in the field of technology and crafts.

Explanation

(i) People of Harappan civilisation belonged to the Bronze age. They used many tools and implements of stone but they acquainted with the manufacture and use of bronze.
(ii) Bronze smiths produced not only images and utensils but also tools and weapons such as axes, saws, knives and spears.
(iii) Other crafts were bead making. They were in variety of shapes. By firing the yellowish raw material, the red colour of carnelian was obtained. Grinding, polishing and drilling were phases of the process.
(iv) A piece of woven cloth was recovered from Mohenjodaro indicated Harappans crafts included Textiles, probably spindle whorls were used for spinning and weavers. Wove cloth of wool and cotton.
(v) The huge brick structures marked an important craft, it shows the class of the masons. Boats and ships on seals practised boat making.
(vi) Seals are the greatest artistic creation of the Harappan culture which carry short inscription with picture of animals-one horned bull, the buffalo, the tiger, the goat, the elephant etc.
(vii) They made beautiful images of metal-woman dancer, made of bronze. Terracotta manufacturer was also an important craft made of firebaked earthen clay-birds, dogs, sheep, cattle and monkeys.
(viii) The gold smiths made jewellery of gold, and precious stone. Harappans produced beautiful pottery: objects of daily use were made of stone and clay.