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C, Si and Ge have same lattice structure...

C, Si and Ge have same lattice structure. Why is C insulator,
while Si and Ge intrinsic semiconductors ?

Text Solution

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The 4 bonding electrons of C, Si or Ge lie, respectively, in the second, third and fourth orbit. Hence, energy required to take out an electron from these atoms (i.e., ionisation energy Eg ) will be least for Ge, followed by Si and highest for C. Hence, number of free electrons for conduction in Ge and Si are significant but negligibly small for C.
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