Among the following, the molecule with the highest dipole moment is :

Options

A. `CH_(3)Cl`
B. `CH_(2)Cl_(2)`
C. `CHCl_(3)`
D. `C Cl_(4)`

Answer

A

Explanation

The dipole moment of a polar molecule depends upon its geometry. A symmetrical molecule is non-polar even though it contain polar bonds. Methane molecule `(CH_(4))` has zero value of dipole moment to its symmetric structure. We know that the bond dipole moment of C-H bond of C-Cl bond reinforce one another.
In `CHCl_(3)`, the resultant of C-H and C-Cl dipoles oppose the resultant of two C-Cl dipoles adds to resultant of two C-Cl. In case `CH_(3)Cl`, the resultant of two C-H dipoles add to the resultant of C-H and C-Cl dipoles. This dipole moment of `CH_(3)Cl` is highest among the given compounds. The molecule `(C Cl_(4))` again becomes symmetrical and dipole moment reduces to zero.