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Which of the following group activates t...

Which of the following group activates the benzene ring most towards electrophilic substitution

A

`-CHO`

B

`-NR_2`

C

`-NHCOCH_3`

D

`-NO_2`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which group activates the benzene ring most towards electrophilic substitution, we need to analyze the groups provided: CHO (aldehyde), NR2 (amine), NHCO-CH3 (amide), and NO2 (nitro). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Groups**: The groups attached to the benzene ring are: - CHO (aldehyde) - NR2 (amine) - NHCO-CH3 (amide) - NO2 (nitro) 2. **Understand Activation and Deactivation**: - Activating groups increase the electron density of the benzene ring, making it more reactive towards electrophiles. - Deactivating groups decrease the electron density, making the ring less reactive. 3. **Analyze Each Group**: - **CHO (Aldehyde)**: This group is a deactivating group because it pulls electron density away from the benzene ring through resonance and inductive effects. - **NR2 (Amine)**: This group is an activating group. It donates electron density to the benzene ring through resonance, making the ring more reactive towards electrophiles. - **NHCO-CH3 (Amide)**: This group is also a deactivating group. Although it has some resonance donation, the carbonyl (C=O) pulls electron density away, making it less activating than an amine. - **NO2 (Nitro)**: This is a strong deactivating group. It withdraws electron density from the benzene ring through resonance and inductive effects, making the ring less reactive. 4. **Rank the Groups**: Based on their effects on the benzene ring: - Most activating: NR2 (Amine) - Moderately activating: NHCO-CH3 (Amide) - Deactivating: CHO (Aldehyde) and NO2 (Nitro) 5. **Conclusion**: The NR2 group activates the benzene ring the most towards electrophilic substitution due to its strong electron-donating resonance effect. ### Final Answer: The NR2 group activates the benzene ring most towards electrophilic substitution.
To determine which group activates the benzene ring most towards electrophilic substitution, we need to analyze the groups provided: CHO (aldehyde), NR2 (amine), NHCO-CH3 (amide), and NO2 (nitro). ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Groups**: The groups attached to the benzene ring are: - CHO (aldehyde) - NR2 (amine) - NHCO-CH3 (amide) ...
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