Dehydration of ethanol gives

Options

A. Acetic acid
B. Ethane
C. Ethylene
D. Acetylene

Explanation

To solve the question "Dehydration of ethanol gives," we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Dehydration Process
Dehydration is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of water (H₂O) from a compound. In the case of ethanol (C₂H₅OH), the dehydration process will involve the elimination of a water molecule.

**Hint:** Remember that dehydration reactions often lead to the formation of alkenes from alcohols.

### Step 2: Identify the Structure of Ethanol
Ethanol is represented by the chemical formula C₂H₅OH. Its structure can be depicted as:
```
H H
| |
H--C---C--OH
| |
H H
```
Here, the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to the second carbon atom.

**Hint:** Familiarize yourself with the structure of ethanol to understand where the dehydration occurs.

### Step 3: Determine the Conditions for Dehydration
The dehydration of ethanol can be achieved through heating it with concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) or concentrated phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄). These acids act as catalysts to facilitate the removal of water.

**Hint:** Concentrated acids are commonly used to drive dehydration reactions.

### Step 4: Write the Dehydration Reaction
The dehydration of ethanol can be represented by the following reaction:
\[ \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
In this reaction, ethanol (C₂H₅OH) loses a water molecule (H₂O) to form ethene (C₂H₄).

**Hint:** Look for the products formed after the removal of water from the alcohol.

### Step 5: Identify the Product
The product of the dehydration of ethanol is ethene (C₂H₄), which is an alkene. Ethene is a colorless gas and is used as a building block in the production of various chemicals.

**Hint:** Remember that alkenes are characterized by the presence of a double bond between carbon atoms.

### Final Answer
The dehydration of ethanol gives ethene (C₂H₄) and water (H₂O).

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