How are glasses formed?

How are salts formed ? What determines their pH value in aqueous solutions ?

How are clouds formed?

What are carbonions? How are they formed?

What are interhalogen compounds? How are they formed?

What are free radical? How are they formed?

How are fossil fuels formed?

Light from a point source in air falls on a spherical glass surface (n = 1.5 and radius of curvature = 20 cm). The distance of the light source from the glass surface is 100 cm. At what position the image is formed?

How are following formed? (i) Cinnamic acid form benzaldehyde. (ii) Acetyl chloride from acetic acid.

What is fertilization membrane? How it is formed?