What is biodiversity ? Why has it become important recently ?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

**Step 1: Define Biodiversity**
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life forms on Earth. It encompasses the different species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the genetic diversity within these species and the ecosystems they form.

**Step 2: Components of Biodiversity**
Biodiversity can be broken down into three main components:
- **Species Diversity**: The variety of species within a particular habitat or ecosystem.
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