Trnsition elements show variable oxidation states. This is due to their valence electrons which are found in two different orbitals i.e., ns and (n-1) d. Up to (+II) oxidation state ns electrons are involved, but in higher oxidation states, electrons of (n-1) d sub-shells are also involved.
the cause of variable oxidation states among transition elements is that

The cause of variable oxidation state among transition elements is

Trnsition elements show variable oxidation states. This is due to their valence electrons which are found in two different orbitals i.e., ns and (n-1) d. Up to (+II) oxidation state ns electrons are involved, but in higher oxidation states, electrons of (n-1) d sub-shells are also involved. The most common oxidation state shown by Ist row of transition elements is

Trnsition elements show variable oxidation states. This is due to their valence electrons which are found in two different orbitals i.e., ns and (n-1) d. Up to (+II) oxidation state ns electrons are involved, but in higher oxidation states, electrons of (n-1) d sub-shells are also involved. The transition metal which shows the highest oxidation state is

Transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states.

Transition element which does not show variable oxidation state is

The variability of oxidation states of transition elements arises out of:

The element which usually show variable oxidation states is :

3d-series elements exhibit variable oxidation states. Why ?