The difference between the photons and other material particles that we know of is that

Options

A. The photon is always chargeless whereas all the material particles have some charge
B. The rest mass of photon is zero whereas all the material particles have some mass
C. Photon cannot be accelerated by applying some force
D. Photons have a wave associated with them but material particles cannot be associated with a wave

Answer

To answer the question about the difference between photons and other material particles, let's analyze the options one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Photons**:
- Photons are elementary particles that are the quantum of light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. They are massless and travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.

2. **Analyzing Option A**:
- "The photon is always chargeless whereas all material particles have some charge."
- This statement is incorrect. While photons are indeed chargeless, it is not true that all material particles must have charge. There are neutral particles (like neutrons) that do not carry any charge. Thus, this option is not a valid distinction.

3. **Analyzing Option B**:
- "The rest mass of the photon is zero whereas all the material particles have some mass."
- This statement is correct. Photons have zero rest mass, which means they do not have mass when at rest (in fact, they cannot be at rest). In contrast, all material particles (like electrons, protons, and neutrons) have a measurable rest mass. Therefore, this option correctly highlights a fundamental difference.

4. **Analyzing Option C**:
- "Photons cannot be accelerated by applying some force."
- This statement is misleading. While photons do not experience force in the same way as material particles, they can change speed when moving from one medium to another (like in refraction), which is a form of acceleration. Hence, this option is incorrect.

5. **Analyzing Option D**:
- "Photons have a wave associated with them but material particles cannot be associated with a wave."
- This statement is incorrect. Both photons and material particles exhibit wave-particle duality. De Broglie’s hypothesis shows that all matter has wave properties, so this option does not accurately describe the difference.

### Conclusion:
The only correct statement that distinguishes photons from other material particles is option B: "The rest mass of the photon is zero whereas all the material particles have some mass."

### Final Answer:
The correct difference is that **the rest mass of the photon is zero whereas all the material particles have some mass.**

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