In the nuclear reaction descried by the equation below, an alpha particle reacts with a nucleus to form another nucleus and an additional particle X. `""_(2)^(4)He+""_(6)^(12)Cto""_(7)^(13)N+X`.This additional particle X is a

Options

A. Positron
B. Neutron
C. Proton
D. Tritium nucleus

Answer

To solve the nuclear reaction given by the equation:

\[ _{2}^{4}\text{He} + _{6}^{12}\text{C} \rightarrow _{7}^{13}\text{N} + X \]

we need to determine the additional particle \(X\).

### Step 1: Identify the particles involved
- The alpha particle is represented by \(_{2}^{4}\text{He}\), which has an atomic number of 2 and a mass number of 4.
- The carbon nucleus is represented by \(_{6}^{12}\text{C}\), which has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12.
- The resulting nitrogen nucleus is represented by \(_{7}^{13}\text{N}\), which has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 13.

### Step 2: Balance the atomic numbers
The total atomic number on the left side of the equation is:
\[ 2 \, (\text{from He}) + 6 \, (\text{from C}) = 8 \]
On the right side, the atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Let the atomic number of \(X\) be \(Z\):
\[ 7 + Z = 8 \]
Solving for \(Z\):
\[ Z = 8 - 7 = 1 \]

### Step 3: Balance the mass numbers
The total mass number on the left side is:
\[ 4 \, (\text{from He}) + 12 \, (\text{from C}) = 16 \]
On the right side, the mass number of nitrogen is 13. Let the mass number of \(X\) be \(A\):
\[ 13 + A = 16 \]
Solving for \(A\):
\[ A = 16 - 13 = 3 \]

### Step 4: Identify the particle \(X\)
Now we have determined that \(X\) has an atomic number of 1 and a mass number of 3. This corresponds to the isotope of hydrogen known as tritium, which is denoted as \(_{1}^{3}\text{H}\).

### Conclusion
Thus, the additional particle \(X\) is tritium, represented as \(_{1}^{3}\text{H}\).

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