How emf of a cell is determined ?

How does the emf of a cell depend on the balancing length obtained in a potentiometer? Give the expression for ratio of emfs in terms of balancing lengths.

Name the instrument which can measure the emf of a cell and its internal resistance accurately.

How is the sex of child determined in human beings?

The e.m.f. of a cell reaction is positive when the free energy of the cell reaction is :

Four identical cells of emf E and and internal resistance r are to be connected in series . Suppose if one of the cell is connected wrongly , the equivalent emf and effective internal resistance of the combination is

How is the structure of fructose determined ?