What are ortho and para hydrogen? Explain

Ortho- and par - hydrogen differ in

An alkoxy group connected to benzene ring is ortho- and para-orienting. Explain.

The ortho and para directing groups are

(A) : With Br_(2) water, aniline gives 2,4,6 tribromoaniline. (R): In aniline, NH_(2) group is ring activating and ortho and para directing group.

What are the important uses of hydrogen peroxide?

Explain how -OH group in phenol is ortho- and para- orienting?

Amino group in anilines it ortho and para directing. But on nitration, aniline gives an appreciable amount of m-nitroaniline alos. Explain.

Explain why in anisole electrophilic substitution takes place at ortho and para positions and not at meta position.

The best method to separate the mixture of ortho and para nitrophenol (1 : 1) is