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The essential conditions for liquefactio...

The essential conditions for liquefaction of gases were discovered by Andrews in 1869 as a result of his study of pressure-volume-temperature relationship for `CO_(2)` . It was found that above a certain temperature, it was impossible to liquefy a gas whatever the pressure was applied. The temperature below which the gas can be liquefied by the application of pressure alone is called critical temperature (Tc). The pressure required to liquefy a gas at this temperature is called the critical pressure (Pc). The volume occupied by one mole of the substance at the critical temperature and pressure is called critical volume. Critical constants are related with van der waals' constant as follows:
`V_( c) = 3b, P_( c) =a/(27b^(2)), T_( c) =(8a)/(27 Rb)`
The values of critical volumes of four gases A, B, C and D are 0.025L, 0.312L, 0.245L and 0.432L respectively. The gas with larger molecular diameter will be :

A

P and `(1)/(V)`

B

PV and V

C

P and V

D

V and `(1)/(P)`

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Knowledge Check

  • A gas can be liquefied by

    A
    Cooling
    B
    Compressing
    C
    Both 1 and 2
    D
    None of these
  • A gas can be liquefied if :

    A
    forces of attraction are low under ordinary conditions
    B
    forces of attraction are high under ordinary conditions
    C
    forces of attraction are zero under ordinary conditions
    D
    forces of attraction either high or low under ordinary conditions
  • The temperature above which a gas cannot be liquified even on application of high pressure is called

    A
    boiling point
    B
    freezing point
    C
    critical temperature
    D
    Boyle's temperature
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