Explain with the help of a diagram, why a pencil partly immersed in water appears to be bent at the water surface.

Explain with diagram ,why a rod when partialy immersed in water appears to be bent.

Explain with the help of a diagram, why a rod immersed partially in a transparent liquid appears to be bent at the surface of the liquid.

A pencil held obliquely in water appears bent and longer. ____

Why does a pencil immersed in water appear bent and short? Explain with the help of a ray diagram?