Home
Class 12
PHYSICS
Crystal diffraction experiments can be p...

Crystal diffraction experiments can be performed using X-rays, or electrons accelerated through appropriate voltage. Which probe has greater energy? (For quantitative comparison, take the wavelength of the probe equal to `1 Å`, which is of the order of inter-atomic spacing in the lattice) `(m_(e) =9.11 × 10^(-31) kg).`

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

For `lambda=1Å` electron’s energy `= 150 eV`, photon.s energy `= 12.4 keV`. Thus, for the same wavelength, a photon has much greater energy than an electron.
Promotional Banner

Topper's Solved these Questions

  • DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

    NCERT GUJARATI|Exercise EXERCISES|41 Videos

  • CURRENT ELECTRICITY

    NCERT GUJARATI|Exercise ADDITIONAL EXERCISES|9 Videos

  • ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

    NCERT GUJARATI|Exercise EXERCISES|34 Videos

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

Wave property of electron implies that they will show diffraction effected . Davisson and Germer demonstrated this by diffracting electron from crystals . The law governing the diffraction from a crystals is obtained by requiring that electron waves reflected from the planes of atoms in a crystal interfere constructiely Electron accelerated by potential V are diffracted from a crystal if d = 1 Å and i = 30^(@), V should be about (h = 6.6 xx 10^(-34) Js, m_(e) = 9.1 xx 10^(-31) kg , e = 1.6 xx 10^(-19)C)

When a particle is restricted to move aong x axis between x =0 and x = a , where a is of nanometer dimension. Its energy can take only certain specific values. The allowed energies of the particle moving in such a restricted region, correspond to the formation of standing waves with nodes at its ends x = 0 and x = a . The wavelength of this standing wave is realated to the linear momentum p of the particle according to the de Breogile relation. The energy of the particl e of mass m is reelated to its linear momentum as E = (p^(2))/(2m) . Thus, the energy of the particle can be denoted by a quantum number 'n' taking values 1,2,3,"......." ( n=1 , called the ground state) corresponding to the number of loop in the standing wave. Use the model decribed above to answer the following three questions for a particle moving in the line x = 0 to x =a . Take h = 6.6 xx 10^(-34) J s and e = 1.6 xx 10^(-19) C . If the mass of the particle is m = 1.0 xx 10^(-30) kg and a = 6.6 nm , the energy of the particle in its ground state is closet to

de-Brogile wavelength of an electron accelerated by a voltage of 50 V is close to ( |e| = 1.6 xx 10^(-19)C, m_(e) = 9.1 xx 10^(-31) kg, h = 6.6 xx 10^(-34) Js) :-

A moving electron has 4.9 xx 10^(-25) joules of kinetic energy. Find out its de - Broglie wavelength (Given h = 6.626 xx 10^(-34) Js, m_e = 9.1 xx 10^(-31) kg).

An electron and a proton are detected in a cosmic ray experiment, the first with kinetic energy 10 keV, and the second with 100 keV. Which is faster, the electron or the proton? Obtain the ratio of their speeds. (electron mass =9.11xx10^(-31)kg , proton mass =1.67xx10^(-27)kg, 1 eV= 1.60xx10^(-19)J ).

Scientists are working hard to develop nuclear fusion reactor Nuclei of heavy hydrogen, _(1)^(2)H , known as deuteron and denoted by D , can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The D-D reaction is _(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+ energy. In the core of fusion reactor, a gas of heavy hydrogen of _(1)^(2) H is fully ionized into deuteron nuclei and electrons. This collection of _1^2H nuclei and electrons is known as plasma . The nuclei move randomly in the reactor core and occasionally come close enough for nuclear fusion to take place. Usually , the temperature in the reactor core are too high and no material will can be used to confine the to plasma for a time t_(0) before the particles fly away from the core. If n is the density (number volume ) of deuterons , the product nt_(0) is called Lawson number. In one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then 5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2) it may be helpfull to use the following boltzmann constant lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm Assume that two deuteron nuclei in the core of fusion reactor at temperature energy T are moving toward each other, each with kinectic energy 1.5 kT , when the seperation between them is large enough to neglect coulomb potential energy . Also neglate any interaction from other particle in the core . The minimum temperature T required for them to reach a separation of 4 xx 10^(-15) m is in the range

Scientists are working hard to develop nuclear fusion reactor Nuclei of heavy hydrogen, _(1)^(2)H , known as deuteron and denoted by D , can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The D-D reaction is _(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+ energy. In the core of fusion reactor, a gas of heavy hydrogen of _(1)^(2) H is fully ionized into deuteron nuclei and electrons. This collection of _1^2H nuclei and electrons is known as plasma . The nuclei move randomly in the reactor core and occasionally come close enough for nuclear fusion to take place. Usually , the temperature in the reactor core are too high and no material will can be used to confine the to plasma for a time t_(0) before the particles fly away from the core. If n is the density (number volume ) of deuterons , the product nt_(0) is called Lawson number. In one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then 5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2) it may be helpfull to use the following boltzmann constant lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm Assume that two deuteron nuclei in the core of fusion reactor at temperature energy T are moving toward each other, each with kinectic energy 1.5 kT , when the seperation between them is large enough to neglect coulomb potential energy . Also neglate any interaction from other particle in the core . The minimum temperature T required for them to reach a separation of 4 xx 10^(-15) m is in the range

Calculate the kinetic energy of a moving electron which has a wavelength of 4.8 pm. [mass of electron = 9.11 xx 10^(-31) kg, h = 6.626 xx 10^(-34) Kg m^2s^(-1) ].

(a) Obtain the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron of kinetic energy 150 eV. As you have seen in Exercise 11.31, an electron beam of this energy is suitable for crystal diffraction experiments. Would a neutron beam of the same energy be equally suitable? Explain. (m_(n) = 1.675 xx 10^(-27) kg) (b) Obtain the de Broglie wavelength associated with thermal neutrons at room temperature (27^(@)C) . Hence explain why a fast neutron beam needs to be thermalised with the environment before it can be used for neutron diffraction experiments.

NCERT GUJARATI-DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER-EXERCISES
  1. An electron gun with its collector at a potential of 100 v fires out e...

    Text Solution

    |

  2. (a) An X-ray tube produces a continuous spectrum of radiation with its...

    Text Solution

    |

  3. In an accelerator experiment on high-energy collisions of electrons wi...

    Text Solution

    |

  4. Estimating the following two numbers should be interesting. The first ...

    Text Solution

    |

  5. Ultraviolet light of wavelength 2271 Å from a 100 W mercury source irr...

    Text Solution

    |

  6. Monochromatic radiation of wavelength "640.2 nm "(1nm = 10^(-9) m) fro...

    Text Solution

    |

  7. A mercury lamp is a convenient source for studying frequency dependenc...

    Text Solution

    |

  8. The work function for the following metals is given: Na: 2.75 eV, K: 2...

    Text Solution

    |

  9. Light of intensity 10^(-5) W m^(-2) falls on a sodium photo-cell of su...

    Text Solution

    |

  10. Crystal diffraction experiments can be performed using X-rays, or elec...

    Text Solution

    |

  11. (a) Obtain the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron of kinetic energy 15...

    Text Solution

    |

  12. An electron microscope uses electrons accelerated by a voltage of 50 k...

    Text Solution

    |

  13. The wavelength of a probe is roughly a measure of the size of a struct...

    Text Solution

    |

  14. Find the typical de Broglie wavelength associated with a He atom in he...

    Text Solution

    |

  15. Compute the typical de Broglie wavelength of an electron in a metal at...

    Text Solution

    |

  16. Answer the following questions: (a) Quarks inside protons and neutro...

    Text Solution

    |

  17. Answer the following questions: (b) What is so special about the com...

    Text Solution

    |

  18. Answer the following questions: (c) Why should gases be insulators a...

    Text Solution

    |

  19. Answer the following questions: (d) Every metal has a definite work ...

    Text Solution

    |

  20. Answer the following questions: (e) The energy and momentum of an el...

    Text Solution

    |