(a) Draw the diagram of a device which is used to decrease high S voltage into a AC voltage and state its working principle. Write four sources of energy loss in this device.
(b) A small town with a demand of 1200 kW of electric power at 220 V is situated 20 Km away from an electric plant generating power at 440V. The resistance of the two wire line carrying power is `0.5 Omega` per km. The town gets the power from the line through a 4000-220 V step-down transformer at s sub-station in the town. Estimate the line power loss in the from of heat.

Explanation

### Solution

**(a)** To decrease high AC voltage into a lower AC voltage, a **step-down transformer** is used.

**Diagram of a Step-Down Transformer:**
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Primary Coil (High Voltage)
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