Describe the following
i. Acetylation
ii. Cannizzaro reaction
iii. Cross aldol condensation
iv. Decarboxylation

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Text Solution

#### i. Acetylation
Acetylation is a chemical reaction that introduces an acetyl group (−COCH₃) into a compound. This reaction is typically carried out using reagents such as acetyl chloride (CH₃COCl) or acetic anhydride ((CH₃CO)₂O).

**Example Reaction:**
When ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is treated with acetyl chloride in the presence of a base like pyridine, the acetyl group is introduced to the ethanol, resulting in the formation of ethyl acetate (C₂H₅OCOCH₃) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a byproduct.

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