Explain why
(a) A horse cannot pull a cart and run in empty space.
(b) Passengers are thrown forward from their seats when a speeding bus stops suddenly.
(c ) A cricketer moves his hands backwards when holding a catch.

Explanation

(a) A horse by itself cannot move in space due to law of inertia and so cannot pull a cart in space.
The passengers in a speeding bus have inertia of motion. When the bus is suddenly stopped the passengers are thrown forward due to this inertia of motion.
(c ) In the case of pull, the effective weight is reduced due to the vertical component of the pull, in the case of push, the vertical component increases the effective weight.
The ball comes with large momentum after being hit by the batsmen . When the player takes catch if causes large impulses on his palms which may hurt the cricketer. When he moves his hands backward the time of contact of ball and hand is increased so the force is reduced.