A train rounds an unbanked circular bend of radius 30 m at a speed of `54 km//h`. The mass of the train is `10^(6)` kg. What provides the centripetal force required for this purpose - The engine or the rails ? What is the angle of banking required to prevent wearing out the rails ?

Explanation

To solve the problem, we will break it down into two parts:

### Part 1: Determining the Source of Centripetal Force

1. **Understanding the Situation**: The train is rounding an unbanked circular bend. The centripetal force required for the train to maintain its circular motion is provided by the lateral thrust from the rails.

2. **Conclusion**: The centripetal force required for the train to round the bend is provided by the rails, not the engine.

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