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What is spectrochemical series? Explain ...

What is spectrochemical series? Explain the difference between a weak field ligand and a strong field ligand.

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### Step-by-Step Text Solution: **Step 1: Definition of Spectrochemical Series** The spectrochemical series is an arrangement of ligands based on their ability to split the d-orbitals of a central metal ion in a coordination complex. The ligands are ordered in increasing strength of their field, which is related to the crystal field splitting energy (CFSE). The series reflects how different ligands affect the energy levels of the d-orbitals when they coordinate to a metal ion. **Step 2: Understanding Crystal Field Splitting** When ligands approach a metal ion, they cause the d-orbitals to split into two sets of energy levels: the lower energy set (t2g) and the higher energy set (eg). The energy difference between these two sets is known as the crystal field splitting energy (Δo). ...
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Velence bond theroy describes the bonding in complexs in terms of coordinate -covalent bond resulting from overlap filled ligand orbitals with vacant metal hybrid orbitals This theory explains magnetic behaviour and geometrical shape of coordination compounds Magnetic moment of a complex compound can be determined experimentally and theoretically by using spin only formula Magnetic moment sqrtn (n+2)BM (where n = No. unpaired electrons) . The value of of spin only magnetic moment for octahedral complex of the following configuration is 2.84BM The correct statement is (a) d^(4) (in weak field ligand) (b) d^(2) (in weak field and in strong field ligand) (c) d^(3) (in weak field and in strong field ligand) (d) d^(5) (in strong field ligand) .

If a complexing metal of the first transition series has a di configuration for what values of could magntic properties alone distinguish between strong field and weak field ligand in octanderal coordination .

Crystal field theory with its assumptions of completely electrostatic metal-ligand interactions, does not appear to retionalize the spectrochemical series particularly well. To explain the order of ligands in the series we must admit some covalent contribution to the metal ligand bond, both sigma and pi. Sigma bonds are formed by ligands using their p orbitals (e.g. Cl^(-) ) or by hybrid orbitals (e.g. sp^(3) ) by (H_(2)O ) since all ligands are capable of such sigma interaction, this is not very useful in rationalizing spectrochemical series. The pi bonding ability of ligands partially justifies their position in spectrochemical series. pi-acid ligands. which can accept electron density from filled metal orbital into their empty orbital via pi interation appear towards stronger/higher and of the series e.g. CN^(-).PR_(3) etc. While sigma-donor ligands are typically weak field ligands e.g. Cl^(-),O^(2-) etc. Q. Which of the following d orbitals of the central atom is useful for sigma bond formation with ligands in octahedral field?

Explain with examples what is meant by chelate ligands ?

Give the correct of initials T or F for following statements. Use T if statements is true and F if it is false. (I) Co(III) is stabilised in presence of weak field ligands, while Co(II) is stabilised in presence of strong field ligand. ((II) Four coordinated complexes of Pd(II) and Pt(II) are diamagnetic and square planar. (III) [Ni(CN)_(4)]^(4-) ion and [Ni(CO)_(4)] are diamagnetic tetrahedral and square planar respectively. (IV) Ni^(2+) ion does not form inner orbital octahedral complexes

What is chelating ligand ?

Cobalt (II) is stable in aqueous solution but in the presence of complexing reagents ( strong field ligands ) it is readily oxidised. Why ?

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