What is the greenhouse effect?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Greenhouse Effect**: The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed, warming the planet.

2. **Role of Greenhouse Gases**: Certain gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, trap heat. The primary greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).

3. **Mechanism of the Greenhouse Effect**:
- Solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and reaches the Earth's surface.
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