What is meant by emasculation? When and why does a plant breeder employ this technique?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Emasculation**: Emasculation is a technique used in plant breeding where the stamens (the male reproductive organs) are manually removed from a flower. This process is specifically applied to bisexual flowers, which contain both male and female reproductive parts.

2. **Purpose of Emasculation**: The primary purpose of emasculation is to prevent self-pollination. In bisexual flowers, there is a high likelihood that the pollen from the same flower will fertilize its ovules, leading to self-fertilization. By removing the stamens, the breeder can control the pollination process.

3. **Timing of Emasculation**: Emasculation is performed before the anthers (which produce pollen) mature. This ensures that no pollen is available from the flower itself, further reducing the chances of self-pollination.

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